Choosing between the 17 HMR and the .22 WMR can be tricky. Both are popular rimfire cartridges known for their accuracy and power, but they cater to slightly different needs. This in-depth comparison will help you decide which cartridge best suits your shooting style and intended use.
Understanding the Calibers: A Quick Overview
Before diving into the specifics, let's quickly define each cartridge:
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17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire): Developed by Hornady, the 17 HMR is a high-velocity rimfire cartridge known for its flat trajectory and impressive accuracy at longer ranges. It utilizes a smaller, lighter projectile than the .22 WMR, resulting in less recoil.
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.22 WMR (Winchester Magnum Rimfire): A larger and more powerful cartridge than the 17 HMR, the .22 WMR delivers greater stopping power and energy. However, it comes with increased recoil and a slightly less flat trajectory.
Key Differences: Performance and Ballistics
The following table summarizes the key ballistic differences between the two cartridges:
| Feature | 17 HMR | .22 WMR |
|---|---|---|
| Caliber | 17 grain (.22 caliber) | 22 grain (.22 caliber) |
| Velocity | Significantly higher (2500+ fps) | Lower than 17 HMR (2200+ fps) |
| Energy | Lower than .22 WMR | Higher than 17 HMR |
| Trajectory | Flatter | Slightly less flat |
| Recoil | Lower | Higher |
| Accuracy | Generally excellent, even at distance | Excellent, but may be slightly less precise at extreme ranges |
| Stopping Power | Lower | Higher |
| Cost per round | Generally more expensive | Generally less expensive |
Applications: Where Each Cartridge Excels
The choice between the 17 HMR and .22 WMR often hinges on the intended application:
17 HMR: Ideal for...
- Long-range target shooting: The 17 HMR's flat trajectory makes it exceptionally accurate at longer distances, making it a popular choice for varmint hunting and precision shooting.
- Small game hunting: Its high velocity provides sufficient stopping power for small game like rabbits, squirrels, and prairie dogs.
- Pest control: The accuracy and flatter trajectory are beneficial for precise pest control.
.22 WMR: Better suited for...
- Larger game hunting: The increased energy of the .22 WMR makes it more suitable for hunting slightly larger animals than the 17 HMR, such as coyotes (depending on shot placement) or groundhogs.
- Self-defense (limited): While not ideal for self-defense compared to centerfire handguns, the .22 WMR provides more stopping power than the 17 HMR in a close-range self-defense scenario (though a handgun chambered in a more powerful cartridge is always preferable).
- Situations requiring greater stopping power: Its heavier bullet and greater energy provide a clear advantage when dealing with tougher game or when reliable penetration is crucial.
Choosing the Right Cartridge: Factors to Consider
Your final decision depends on your specific needs and priorities:
- Intended Use: What will you primarily use the cartridge for (target shooting, hunting, pest control)?
- Range: How far do you need to shoot accurately?
- Target Size/Game: What size of target or game are you aiming to engage?
- Budget: The cost of ammunition can add up, so consider this when making your choice.
- Recoil Sensitivity: If recoil is a concern, the 17 HMR is the gentler option.
Conclusion: The Verdict
There isn't a universally "better" cartridge; both the 17 HMR and .22 WMR are excellent choices in their respective niches. Carefully consider your priorities and intended use to make an informed decision that best fits your shooting needs. Both cartridges offer excellent accuracy and performance when used correctly.
